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I think we can forgive the author for the low estimate considering that this project didn't exist publicly at the time of writing.

How does power usage remain stable in a fab? Please say more about how that works.

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Much of the power is used for keeping air clean with temperature and humidity controlled in a very tight range. More energy is used for water cooling, waste treatment and other facilities. The rest of the power is used for production tools...which when a fab is running are generally consistent users. The power usage will scale with wafer loading, but again advanced fabs like these will run at near 100% capacity for years at a time.

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