In Germany people may not be as used to natural disasters and the like, but where I've travelled where the weather is way more extreme, these are like life saving emergency alerts so you don't get sucked into a tornado like a cow or die in a flood or tsunami. I love how jarring the alerts are, there was an incident in the USA recently where some way too close menu entry got hit at an emergency alert center for a nuclear bomb and people ended up taking cover thinking they were going to get nuked in Hawaii [1]. The USA system you can understand the technical workings of here [2] while this seems to cover more of the technical workings of the EU systems [3] - These are simply service area broadcasts [4]
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Hawaii_false_missile_aler...
[2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sdmkTkWB40Q
[3] https://media.ccc.de/v/osmodevcon2019-107-production-grade-c...
[4] https://osmocom.org/projects/cellular-infrastructure/wiki/Se...