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It's unfortunate. CUDA is a mess, but because it's the leading tech on the field, AMD has no choice but to come with an (equally messy) compatible solution. Vulkan was thought of as a something that could replace CUDA and (dead) OpenCL, but it's never going to take off due to the ML field being heavily CUDA, or well more of pytorch / python :)

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I'd personally argue ROCm is much more of a mess than CUDA: in many situations, CUDA code can be compiled once, and then run on multiple generations of cards (including future ones once drivers exist) and you have the option of shipping PTX code which can (normally) do the same.

ROCm builds are effectively hardware-specific (and officially Linux-only).

I haven't tried it myself, but pytorch has supported amd gpus via rocm since 2021. https://www.amd.com/en/technologies/infinity-hub/pytorch

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