I'm definitely not an expert but look into SA a bit out of curiosity. Sound analysis normally comes with significant restrictions. For example Astrée does not support dynamic memory allocation nor recursion (not too bad for embedded). There's likely more.
Let's consider the case of an iteration, with a number of loops unknown at compile/analysis time. What an unsound SA will typically do is unroll the loop a fixed number of times (5 by default for CC/ClangSA from memory). Obviously this could miss bugs if less than the actual number of loops.
To do better, a fully automatic sound analyzer would have to derive the relevant loop invariants and the associated induction proofs automatically, not to have to make any guess on the number of iterations. As far as I know this is still a research topic. Or alternatively, enforce a known, small enough bounds for any loop.
In general, either the sound SA must be able to derive quite complex proofs for the characteristics to enforce (research topic), or it must enforce simplicity to make the problem manageable automatically.
An alternative is a tool like frama-C that can kick the ball back to a human, to do the correctness proof manually using a proof assistant for automatic verification, if automation fails. And that can be a hard job.
The more constrained the application, the more realistic sound analysis should be. I don't know where a filesystem like OpenZFS sits here. Best of luck in any case!