Interestingly, the Pentium Overdrive mentioned in your linked article will actually run relatively recent OSes - the latest release of Slackware, for instance, should still run on it.

I have the 83MHz version in my old 486 (though it's really not a 486 anymore - ha ha), and got Slackware booting on it out of sheer curiosity a few years ago. What surprised me is that, modern software aside, 14.x wasn't much slower than a period-accurate Linux - Slackware 14 (2010s) and Mandrake 7 (1999) booted at more or less the same speed.