The reason for this is language barriers, it's not some countries doing things better than others.
> Shipping a SIM box would already be much more work than just changing a number in a database
They don't even actually need to ship one, there are thousands of them operational already. This is a massive industry.
Even if you cracked down hard on SIM boxes, the scammers will just purchase routing from botnets. This won't really impact their costs, and will be essentially impossible to take any meaningful action against.