Fertilizer was used for centuries before this. He did not invent fertilizer.
But he didn't even invent the 4-year crop rotation system; that was already in use in Holland when he introduced it in England. (http://www.saburchill.com/history/chapters/IR/003f.html)
He was basically the Elon Musk of post-medieval agriculture: taking credit for the work of others because he marketed it (and himself) better than they did.