With LSP support VIM can do most of what you'd do in VSCode in terms of language specific refactoring. The plugin ecosystem is pretty rich.

Setting it up is still a nightmare, there are pre-made Neovim configs that I found helpful to start with (Nvchad, astrovim) but even then adding support for a new language is too much effort at times (as compared to VSCode where VSCode will suggest to download extensions the first time you open, say, a .go file and you just have to click)

VSCode with Vim bindings seems like a decent middle ground.