I’d regenerate the complete HTML page server-side whenever a comment changes, instead of only regenerating the comments section, to obviate the secondary loading via JS.
https://simonhearne.com/2020/network-faster-than-cache/ has some discussion.
It doesn't. Browsers will happily render half an HTML page as it's streamed in. There's an interesting HTTP 203 on this. https://web.dev/shows/http-203/LLRig4s1_yA/ if you're interested.