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> many-to-most of these clauses are in every boilerplate contract

Contracts are entirely negotiable. If there's a job you want, but the contract contains an objectionable clause, tell them that you're willing to accept if they strike that clause. If you're at the point in the hiring process where they're showing you the contract, that means that they've sunk resources into you that they don't want to throw away. And the fact that these clauses are boilerplate, as you say, works in your favor, because nobody involved in the hiring process consciously chose to put that clause in and they probably don't really give a damn.

> because nobody involved in the hiring process consciously chose to put that clause in and they probably don't really give a damn.

Yes but I think I didn't convey my point enough. Nobody involved in the hiring process cares, and if it's a good company they probably agree with you. But this standard contract is what they paid attorneys good money to comb over with a fine tooth comb for liability, and eventually sign off on.

Very very very few companies are going to go pay Expensive Law Co. (TM) $500 per hour to review changes to the contract just because _one_ potential hire who still might not even accept the offer says they won't accept if that's in it. It's way out of most recruiters or engineering managers that you might be interfacing with to make that happen, not to mention making their life way harder. Heck even a startup CTO might balk at having to go spend more on legal.

I have had clauses similar to the "we own everything you do 24/day" one and I've pushed back on all of them. Every time, the response is "yes we totally understand but we have no power to change the wording in this contract we use for every single employee" and it just comes down to a gut judgement call on my part on if I feel they will actually screw me over on that point.

Again to emphasise, I totally agree logically with author's and your points. But it's simply not realistic to approach job hunting that black and white unless you're comfortable being out of work for months until you find the perfectly-flexible-enough company.

Nobody is going over a contract with legsl just because they removed the ‘we own everything you make’ clause. That’s an irrelevant part of the contract.

My experience in the USA is that they will flatly refuse to change anything in the contract, and will tell you to take it as-is or walk away, in part because they feel like they can't make changes without getting it re-approved by legal first.

I've had the opposite experience. There was always a bit of hand-wringing about "oh, but this is the contract approved by our legal consultants...", but pointing out the fact that A) this clause is flatly impossible to enforce in my jurisdiction and B) it would be immensely silly to blow up this entire hiring process over a contract clause that, best case scenario, would involve them having to sue me and lose to enforce has always made the hiring manager sign off on the reasonable modifications.

Of course, if the clauses are enforceable in your state, it might be a different matter, but that's also an opportunity to make demands. "Sure we agreed to $XXX,XXX , but there was no mention of a noncompete. That's going to need $XXX,XXX+$YY,YYY or $Z weeks of vacation". Make the numbers bigger than you think is reasonable, and they'll probably cave on the contract clause. Or they'll compensate you for it. Win/Win.

At big companies they will not change the contract for a single candidate. No way. Not unless it's a "big deal" sort of job where the executives are involved. They'll just tell you to go pound sand.

The correct course of action is to cross out the clause, put your initials next to it, then sign the document. It is the responsibility of the company to have someone review contracts for such things but they never do; they just collect all the documents, check they're signed, and file them away to be forgotten about forever (or until a lawsuit requires they be retrieved).

I've done this at several employers! I even tell the HR people what I'm doing so they can't claim they're being misled. Not once have they ever understood what I was even talking about or even cared. It's because they're HR people; not lawyers. They just "follow the script" as it were.

One woman at HR said that what I did--crossing out the "we own everything you make while you work here plus a year afterwards" clause--was a "very good idea" and just took my documents and filed them away like anyone else's. I even offered alternative language that would be fair along the lines of, "we own everything you make using company resources in your official line of work" but she wasn't interested.

A lot of HN folks make stuff and these invention clauses are completely ridiculous. If you invent a new kind of apple peeler in your garage on a weekend using your own tools it is absolutely unconscionable that your employer who pays you to do programming or management work could claim ownership of that thing. Even if the contract says as such I seriously doubt any court would enforce that unless you worked at a manufacturer of apple peelers.

This. You always have the power to change the proposed contract to suit your needs, and let them balk if they don't like it. This assumes it's a contract you can actually edit (whether on the computer or mark up with pen); for non-editable things (e.g. DocuSign contracts), I'm not sure what you'd do if you can't print it out pre-signing.

For the latter, I've sent them a "diff" over email containing the changes I required before signing. They didn't accept any changes to the document itself, but they did let me create a separate document with clarifying language.

They’ll tell you that this is unchangeable, it’s the default, etc the first few times, but if you persist, they’ll usually just strike out a clause like this if they actually want to come to an agreement. They may not even bother telling legal (depends on company size).

Really it depends whether you’re negotiating from a position of strength and and can walk away, if you are changes like this become possible, if you are not changes are more difficult.

I've never had any HR person give up even a comma in a contract like this, even after a full week of back-and-forth negotiating and trying to get them to strike out an individual sentence or change a word. Their attitude is that even if they lose their first choice hire over it, they always have a pipeline, and they'd rather adhere strictly to legal protocol and go with their second-choice hire.

Don't talk to HR, talk to the hiring manager.

They've always just kicked it over to HR. In hindsight I probably could have leaned on them harder.

I think you are exaggerating.

> Very very very few companies are going to go pay Expensive Law Co. (TM) $500 per hour to review changes to the contrac

If they are already hiring "Expensive Law Co." then most likely they have them contracted anyway. Even with big corporations, there was never an issue with this. They were always happy to send my changes to their legal team for review and also allowed me as much time as I needed to review and consult my own legal team (if I had one). It is in their and my interest that the contract describes the relationship in a way we both want and it is fair for both sides.

> "yes we totally understand but we have no power to change the wording in this contract we use for every single employee"

Had that too. Just be persistent and firm. "I can't sign the contract with these clauses in." 100% of the time they would eventually change their mind. It may be bad for them that the clauses will be gone, and they need to show their employer they put up a fight and also it would be much worse to lose resource that otherwise was ticking all the boxes.

The issue is in smaller companies that don't have standing contracts with Expensive Law Co, and can't afford to even pick up the phone to ask them a question unless they're in serious need.

In 20 years, I've never seen a company that was willing to negotiate over the employment contract of an employee. As a freelance consultant, I had free range to negotiate, but as an employee, the contract was always presented as "take it or leave."

That's probably because most people don't even think about it or bother trying. They may not even read the agreement!

I've successfully negotiated contracts several times in the past. Even once at a big company (that I knew was desperate :). As long as what you're asking for is reasonable they'll usually make the change unless it's a really big company. In that case they're not going to bother and just tell you to either sign it or go to work somewhere else. They know they have plenty of leverage and there's always someone else they can hire.

I've negotiated literally every employment contract I've ever signed. Hiring people is expensive, and by the time you've found someone you're willing to extend an offer to, there's a lot of sunk cost. That, my friend, is called "leverage".

I've done it a couple of times. Recently I started a new job where they had a "we own all of your IP you create at any time" clause, which is ridiculous. They agreed to change it to only include IP related to their normal business which I think is fairly reasonable.

They don't give a damn, but every time I've asked for changes to contracts, including positions I was actively recruited for by the hiring manager, once even by the owner of the company, I'm told to sign it or no job. In the case of the owner asking me to apply, they literally said "My lawyer says to leave it in, you're not a lawyer, it's staying in."

I'm sure some people have negotiated these things but I've tried multiple times - to shorten noncompete lengths, to remove the "anything you do on our machine is ours for all time" stuff, etc - but never had any success.

"My lawyer says to leave it in, you're not a lawyer, it's staying in."

The response there is "Well you aren't a lawyer either, and mine said it needs to go".

As others here have said, crazy clauses can go. One key point, make it clear it is about unduly restricting right to income in the future, without wanting to screw over anyone.

This is why a second response, such as "Well, if you triple the salary ... maybe" makes a point here.

Some contracts literally make it impossible for you to work in the future, in your field. That means 'gimme retirement salary on exit' minimum.

(Such broad clauses are rarely enforceable, you can't prevent a person from working at all, but... )

Can you clarify if you walked away (and they let you) or not? Because if not, then it was just negotiating 101.

They will 100% let you walk over this. And then what? Your next offer will be the same, and so on. Market forces don't work if every agent on one side of the market does exactly the same thing.

I've had a "we own everything you make" clause in contracts before, it's just copy pasted boilerplate, and they were fine with removing it when I asked.

Noncompetes I've been fine with, because they were always quite niche companies, and the wording was something along the lines of "don't join our direct competitors for a few years", and that seems ok to me. I will grant that it gets more complicated with megacorporations that work on everything though, as their "competitors" are roughly everyone.

I think the important thing is that you asked.

I've had a very negative experience, where I also asked, and they basically said "sign it or GTFO". So I did the latter, and I'm very glad I did.

A number of years back, our company was acquired and they sent us employment contracts from our new owners, with that same "sign it or GTFO" message. Many people signed. A few of us just didn't. Nastygrams kept on coming, we kept on ignoring them. Ultimately, we never did end up signing.

Which is the other piece of the puzzle - lawyers are really good at knowing when they actually have power and when they do not. Unfortunately, when they don't truly have legal power they resort to bullying. So if you are being bullied to sign a contract, that usually is a red flag to stop, really look at things, and figure out why they are using that tactic. You may be in a better situation than you think.

I think you might be a bit presumptuous. Why do you believe they don't have legal power? If you are an at-will employee, you can typically be fired for any reason. Not signing the updated employment agreement is, unfortunately, a valid reason.

In your case, they did not exercise that right. But I've been at places where they did. For something as petty as not signing an agreement which appeared to eliminate some employee benefits that were contractually obligated. Could the fired employees have sued, and won? Perhaps. But it would be an expensive, risky, time-consuming proposition to find out.

> But in reality if you stick to these rules hard and fast, you'll basically never accept a job offer. That's clearly an exaggeration, but many-to-most of these clauses are in every boilerplate contract.

In the tech industry, yeah, but there are industries that aren't so employee hostile where you can find better contract terms. I'd have to say in my experience, the tech industry is one of the worst when it comes to the malicious application of employment contracts. Apple is especially egregious with forcing interviewees to sign expansive NDAs; the Dilbert cartoon is spot on by making them dress like Apple store employees.

Totally correct - I tried to caveat that in my post by saying I'm skewed hard tech industry. That was the main attention of the article, and my main experience, so I was writing from that viewpoint.

I somehow doubt that Vail Resorts has a non-compete for their lift operators to go work on another mountain (although now that I think about it VR is pretty terrible so this might have been a bad example)

Maybe not Vail Resorts, but it is indeed happening...

The noncompete agreement prohibited Mr. Meier from hiring any of Intermountain’s employees, from janitorial staff to ski lift operators

https://ag.ny.gov/press-release/2022/attorney-general-james-...

Also, fast-food employees: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28702468

The funny NDA's are the ones where they think they have a 'secret sauce'. Then you get in there and find out they are using some off the shelf API's exactly as intended. You start asking exact questions and they do not understand how you know so much about their product already.

How is it that someone smart enough to be able to read the docs and connect up to the API can still be unable to realise that they are using something that others can also use?

I just think it is sort of funny. But connecting API's up is what many do. Reading the docs is something a lot of people skip, not hard just tedious. The NDA part is a funny twist where I can see an NDA around their business case and who they are working with. But the tech is rarely anything groundbreaking. Had one guy who only wanted to work with 'mozarts' no 'salieris'. That was some weapons grade hubris there. It was basically a in memory hash table he was building. Thought he had some sort of serious secret sauce with that 'idea'. When his real secret sauce was his client list and connections.

We need a SAG style union to address issues like this, but that's pie in the sky dreaming.