Keep in mind that the original post said "it was the picture of a cat". It implied they looked at the content of the file.
And a Basecamp user uploaded the 100,000,000th file (It was a picture of a cat!)
In the comments, they clarify that it was called cat.jpg, and that's how they knew it was a picture of a cat.
They only mentioned that it was from the filename in the comments. So initially at the start, it wasn't clear that's how they did it.