There's a difference between difficulty and exertion.
> how important is the outcome
It's pretty damn important that the garbage man comes and collects the trash every week, but we don't pay him the marginal value of trash collection to the county.
> another assertion I have issues with - there are rampant teacher shortages nationwide
I actually agree that the market doesn't seem to be clearing due to stingy education departments and state government. We should probably break their monopsony power by privatizing education.
> could you not be potentially getting a better teacher and having broadly positive effects on society if you're offering more money
If you want to make the argument we should fire all the current teachers and replace them with people who would otherwise be accountants or actuaries or software engineers, I'd be amenable to the argument.