The golden visa program was put forward as a "job creation" initiative, but results show it generated as little as 280 jobs in a decade https://www.publico.pt/2022/11/07/politica/noticia/decada-vi...
It was mostly used for wealthy foreigners to acquire real estate, hence the ire. As for AirBnb, it has decimated historical neighbourhoods in Lisbon and turned its historical areas into a kind of theme park.