It's documented here:
https://developers.cloudflare.com/workers/platform/limits/#r...
This limit actually isn't specific to Workers. It's a general Cloudflare thing, because Cloudflare buffers uploads to disk in order to defend against slow loris attacks. That is, this is actually meant to protect your origin. We've occasionally discussed letting people turn this off if they don't need it but it hasn't come up very often...
(I'm the lead engineer for Workers.)