Nice plot for an interesting novel. Imagine your society having all but forgotten about the destructive seed-probes and coming to colonize the system it crashed in and malfunctioned.
Check out Greg Bear’s Forge
Of God and Anvil of Stars 2 book series . Not exactly the same plot you mentioned but covers an interesting variant plot including fall out of a situation where Earth is killed by killer probes and remnants of humanity painfully search for the Killer’s system. What they find is different than expected
The Stargate SG-1 TV series has a similar, although not exactly identical, recurrent plot point (replicators). The show is well worth watching IMHO.