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Slackware works great. OpenBSD, too.

I yard out the drive, attach it to another machine and toss a copy of, e.g., slackware64-current (+ sources) and a bootloader on the drive, put the drive back in its original machine and boot/install without a network.

After that, it may or may not ever see a network depending on what it is slated to do.

https://www.slackware.com/

I don't know about now, but when Ubuntu came on CD images intended for burning to actual CDs and offline installation, those images included most of the packages you'd ever need. Or at least that was my impression.

I'd expect any serious dist to already be doing this as part of their release process.

I expect it to work fairly well, apart from "netinst" install medias, of course.