Duolingo used to be better: people who are talking about Duolingo might be referencing how it used to be.
I have been following many of the recommendations on https://learnjapanese.moe/resources/. Most of them are language-specific, but perhaps you can still draw some inspiration from the methods and look for equivalent tools in your target language.
https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-duolingo-reignited-us...
Shows when incentives are aligned to shareholders vs users, that is the outcome you get