> ChatGPT has no ability to examine itself,

This isn't 100% true.... I think people are using something called the Reflexon model where you ask GPT for an answer, then feed that answer back to GPT and ask what is wrong with it allowing self examination and a significant improvement of its previous answer.

Now, GPT has no method of long term learning by reincorporating these answers back into its system to improve its future behavior, which is a huge limitation.