I want to see the source to the ls command? ... I have no idea how to do that on MacOS.
The rest have been addressed, but as for this:
The equivalent on MacOS involves signing up for a developer account with Apple, signing a contract that promises God knows what, and downloading a multi-gigabyte disk image.
It involves running an installer from your install disc, or, admittedly, in the case of the most recent release, downloading a multi-gigabyte disk image from the app store. You don't need a developer account if you just want to install the software.
> You don't need a developer account if you just want to install the software.
Perhaps this has changed since the last time I did it, a couple of years ago; it did then.