Frequent batch auctions are one possible solution to this problem[0] that I see as quite promising. The problem of couse is that exchanges profit from the HFT extraction via fees and the prestige generated by reporting higher trading volume.
Any real solution needs to solve both the micro-structure and the macro-structure of markets and make exchanges a publicly or collectively owned (or at least incentivised) utility.
[0] https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2388265
Some things that don't create economic value are extremely good and valuable. Bit it's obvious that spending resources to do nothing useful is objectively bad, even if it happens to redistribute wealth to you.
I don't think there's a reasonable way to stamp it out, though.. I guess if IEX's anti-HFT strategies were more ubiquitous it'd transform the HFT industry and maybe calm it down a little?