It seems a stretch to describe this as "One of the most salient" archetypes. This would only be true if "resources" are "one of the most salient" factors for success. If two companies are almost identical in every other way, then sure resources are a great tie-breaker. But if one company is significantly better than the other in some way, I would expect that company to overcome a resource-deficit. See Google winning search over other earlier and larger search engines. Facebook winning social media over other earlier and larger social networks. OpenAI leading/co-leading the AI race despite being outgunned by so many other companies. AMD surpassing Intel in valuation despite an enormous financial deficit a decade ago.
In fact, an abundance of resources can actually negatively impact success. See the resource curse: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_curse . Highly relevant in big tech companies that are so much slower and bureaucratic compared to startups. Today's world might possibly be the most startup friendly in history - there is far more VC financing available than ever before for any company that can demonstrate any form of competitive advantage in a lucrative market. Financing that provides just enough resources to avoid being handicapped, but not so much that startups are lulled into complacency the way more established companies are.
It's easy to pick one model that seems intuitive, and use it to make sweeping statements about "twenty-first-century capitalism". In the real world there are many different models all operating at the same time, and the one that is most intuitive may not be the most salient.