I’ll also add that journaling is an absolute game changer in terms of actually debugging/thinking through problems.
Meditation = “give this a minute or day to simmer”
Journaling = “now that I’ve cooled down, what are my actual thoughts on this matter”
I’ve been astounded on dozens of occasions to learn what my own thoughts really are, for the first time, by seeing them on paper. I.e. it subjectively feels like I don’t think the thought then write it, but instead I write it, read it, then think it.
One of the core techniques is to visualize the emotion as another person as you try to talk to it and discover more about what it is you're feeling, eventually coming to a strong connection with the feeling. It's been an epiphany trying to process emotions this way for me.
[1] https://www.amazon.com/Focusing-Clinical-Practice-Essence-Ch...
I have found meditation to help me to stay calm in situations, and even if I am about to get angry, to become aware of it in situations, so I can remove myself from situation before acting. And also to calm down more quickly. When you can process the criticism from a better place in yourself.
Also, I have found tai chi to be have similar effect on me.
I myself started meditating on my own, when I was 11/12 so that is definitely an age, when you can do it serious.
My own kids (< 5) are too small yet, that I would do serious meditating with them, but some sort of pre exercises, like just sitting still in nature and observing, do work since the beginning.
Don't push them obviously. Rather give them a chance, to explore mindfulness and consciousness with you. I can also recommend Tai Chi/Qui Gong as an more active path towards it.