Think of the ant's progress as a percentage. Every step he makes will increase his progress percentage across the rubber band. Therefore, if he keeps walking he will eventually make it to the other side. Am I missing something?
In this case, he will eventually make it to the end -- the sum of 1 + 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 + 1/5 + ... is divergent.
In this particular case it does make it to the end, just showing how the fact that the percentage always increases is not quite enough to show it.