I mean I could say C++ is just python with memory management macros.

We're getting into the domain of opinion here. I would say TS is different enough such that it's two different languages.

Programming with type checking and programming with plain JS is really different. A programmer without experience in types (ie plain JS) won't be able to pick up types that that quickly on average. Things like enums, Generics, sum types, product types, recursive types, really change the game by restricting what functions can do.