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Those are tensor cores, not cuda cores. They're used for AI rather than general compute/shaders. The 4090 has 512 of those.

Correct me if I'm wrong, but as far as I can tell tensor cores are just accelerators. They can't do general compute: no branch or jump.

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The tensor core accelerates mostly matrix operations and is the big block you can see has 4 per SM. Cuda core refers to the thread per SM, which you can see as FP32 or INT32 units, so there are (32*4) per SM on that diagram.

Like you said, tensor core is similar to a special purpose ALU and is at a lower level of abstraction than something with an instruction pointer.

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