Many years back (so details are fuzzy), a friend who worked at Atari in the early 80's told that the programmer who did the game part of the work had the basic chess algorithm working in a few months, spent the next year getting it to run in less than 128 bytes of RAM, and was then burnt out and left tech.
IIRC, the game devs used a PDP-11 for much of their work, so that had a bit more RAM to work with to get started.