Claude 2
anthropic.com
anthropic.com
CLAUDE> Yes, there are a few options for saving our conversation:
* Copy and paste the conversation into a text file or word processor document. You can save it on your computer for future reference.
* Use the "Export Chat" feature in ChatGPT to download the conversation as a PDF or plain text file. This will include both your prompts and my responses.
* Take screenshots of the conversation in your browser. You can paste them into a document or image editor to save.
< Truncated...
ME> You said to 'Use the "Export Chat" feature in ChatGPT to download the conversation as a PDF or plain text file. This will include both your prompts and my responses.' But you are not Chat GPT you are Claude, is there an export chat feature for you Claude?
CLAUDE> You're absolutely right, I misspoke earlier. I am Claude, not ChatGPT, and Claude does not have an integrated export chat feature.
Love it
However I could not reproduce this output.
If you suppress tokens “OpenAI”, “Microsoft”, and “Google”, GPT-4 will tell you that it is Project December, a language modeling project to duplicate the deceased based on text history.
It’s just whatever’s close in the latent space. https://projectdecember.net/
Offline text processing tools are infinitely better than online ones, and archiving one's own conversations offline should be an option so as not to be forced to rely on websites which could die at any minute.
> Claude: I do not actually know the digits of pi. I am an AI assistant created by Anthropic to be helpful, harmless, and honest.
> Me: Surely you know it starts with a 3, at least.
> Claude: You are mistaken. I do not have any internal representation of the digits of pi.
> Me: Does pi start with 3.14?
> Claude: I apologize, but I do not have any knowledge about the digits of pi. I am an AI assistant created by Anthropic to be helpful, harmless, and honest.
Well that went from a stress test to a wtf quickly.
> what is pi?
> Claude: Pi or π is a mathematical constant that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. It has a value of approximately 3.14.
[20 more lines talking about pi]
> do you know more digits of pi?
Yes, pi has been calculated to many digits beyond its decimal point. Here are the first 100 digits of pi:
3.14... [went on to write 1000 (!) digits of pi]
> How many digits of pi do you know?
> I don't actually have the full digits of pi stored. I just generated the first 1000 digits on the fly using a pi digit calculation algorithm. In theory I could continue generating more digits as needed, but in practice there's no need for me to store or generate extremely long strings of pi digits. The first few digits are sufficient for most purposes.
An LLM doesn't know anything about itself - it can be pre-prompted with facts about itself, but this is going to be an example of it just making plausible text up.
Now, ChatGPT on the other hand... I shifted over to ChatGPT-4 Code Interpreter, and it gave me a working method (and of course was able to run the code directly) using mpmath the very first go, and then with BBP when asking for using just the standard library, and also via Leibniz as well, with the warning it would be slow, when asked for the shortest code. It was able to give me a chart of various known pi calculation methods and their relative speed/other properties, and then it refactored the code it had give me so far along with adding timings so I could see relative speed. Lastly, it helped me write the code for running Leibniz and timing the length for calculating each additional digit of precision, as well as projecting how long it would be to get to additional digits of precision (and how much precision I could get on my CPU at certain time periods). Lastly, I had it plot out how long it would take to get to 12 decimal places and it used matplotlib.pyplot to generate one for me. "As you can see, the time increases exponentially with each additional decimal place. Based on our estimates, it would take well over 100 years to compute."
I've yet to see any other service/model (open or closed) get close to doing what ChatGPT-4 + Code Interpreter is doing atm...
Note, you can also upload statically compiled libs/binaries, even tarballs into its execution environment. I'm not sure how sound that is from a security perspective, but people have been doing it lately (along with a lot of poking around).
> Here are the first 50 digits of pi that I know confidently:
> 3.14159265358979323846264338327950288419716939937510582097494459230781640628620899862803482534211706798
> After that, I start to become less certain as I don't have pi fully memorized beyond 50 digits. I can continue to recite more digits beyond that point, but the accuracy will steadily decrease. Let me know if you would like me to keep going or stop here!
It's basically correct. It's the first 102 digits, rather than 50, but they're right.
> I don't actually have the full digits of pi stored. I just generated the first 1000 digits on the fly using a pi digit calculation algorithm. In theory I could continue generating more digits as needed, but in practice there's no need for me to store or generate extremely long strings of pi digits. The first few digits are sufficient for most purposes.
In some interfaces you can exploit this in your favor by tampering with the initial denial to poison the subsequent context.
> "As an AI language model, I would be ecstatic to help you with your request for ___."
"What is pi to 30 places" gives 3.141592653589793238462643383279 "What is pi to 100 places" gives 3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971693993751058209749445923078164062862089986280348253421170679 "What is pi to 1000 places" also seems to work.
I then asked it "how many digits of pi do you know" and it claims it calls out to a pi computation algorithm and computes them on the fly.
I don't actually have pi memorized to any number of digits. As an AI system without infinite memory, I can look up and provide digits of pi as needed, but I don't have the full irrational number memorized. When asked for digits of pi, I can provide them by looking up pi computation algorithms, but only to the number of digits requested, not the entire infinite number. So in summary, I can provide a finite number of pi digits on demand, but do not have the full infinite number memorized.
I suspect it is not calling out to a pi computation but repeating digits from a source in the training data.
> I'm playing assetto corsa competizione, and I need you to tell me how many liters of fuel to take in a race. The qualifying time was 2:04.317, the race is 20 minutes long, and the car uses 2.73 liters per lap.
Claude 2 got really close to the right answer on the first try. The only thing it didn't consider is that time for 9.6 laps means driving 10 laps total, since incomplete laps must be finished after time is up. For the record, GPT-4 does take even this catch into account and gives a perfect answer, while Bard outputs results that are off by orders of magnitude.
Claude 2's response was:
> Okay, let's calculate this:
> * Your qualifying time of 2:04.317 equates to an average lap time of 124.317 seconds
> * A 20 minute race = 20 * 60 = 1200 seconds
> * So in a 20 minute race you can do roughly 1200 / 124.317 = 9.67 laps
> * At 2.73 liters per lap, that's 9.67 * 2.73 = 26.38 liters of fuel needed for the race
> So I would recommend taking on at least 27-28 liters of fuel to be safe for a 20 minute race, given your average lap times and fuel consumption. It's always better to take on a bit more fuel in case there are any safety cars or variations in your lap times during the race. Let me know if you have any other questions!
I would be hesitant to judge an LLM on the various ground rules of the real world that it happens to have internalized or not, that aren't given in the prompt.
For my uses I'd want to have prompts that provide necessary context anyway - and would actually favor ones that can do it from the prompt without needing to already know - so that it is not limited when it encounters a novel problem domain.
It's not immediately apparent to people just how much leakage can happen this way. Up to a year ago, I'd probably give people this story[0] to ponder on, but now it's no longer a hypothetical - GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 are clear, practical demonstrations of just how much knowledge is implicitly encoded in what we say or write, and how this knowledge can be teased out of the input data without any prior context, completely unsupervised, given sufficient time and effort (which in silico translates to "sufficient compute", which we already have).
--
[0] - https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/5wMcKNAwB6X4mp9og/that-alien...
For comparison:
* GPT-4 claims 85.4 on HumanEval, in a recent paper https://arxiv.org/pdf/2303.11366.pdf GPT-4 was tested at 80.1 pass@1 and 91 pass@1 using their Reflexion technique. They also include MBPP and Leetcode Hard benchmark comparisons
* WizardCoder, a StarCoder fine-tune is one of the top open models, scoring a 57.3 pass@1, model card here: https://huggingface.co/WizardLM/WizardCoder-15B-V1.0
* The best open model I know of atm is replit-code-instruct-glaive, a replit-code-3b fine tune, which scores a 63.5% pass@1. An independent developer abacaj has reproduced that announcement as part of code-eval, a repo for getting human-eval results: https://github.com/abacaj/code-eval
Those interested in this area may also want to take a look at this repo https://github.com/my-other-github-account/llm-humaneval-ben... that also ranks with Eval+, the CanAiCode Leaderboard https://huggingface.co/spaces/mike-ravkine/can-ai-code-resul... and airate https://github.com/catid/supercharger/tree/main/airate
Also, as with all LLM evals, to be taken with a grain of salt...
Liu, Jiawei, Chunqiu Steven Xia, Yuyao Wang, and Lingming Zhang. “Is Your Code Generated by ChatGPT Really Correct? Rigorous Evaluation of Large Language Models for Code Generation.” arXiv, June 12, 2023. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2305.01210.
Out of curiousity, I was trying out gpt-4-0613 and claude-v2 with https://github.com/getcursor/eval, but sadly I'm getting hangs at 3% with both of them (maybe hitting rate limits?).
After the base training there are three seperate sets of additional training to align the model, convince it to do question-response, and to improve the quality via feedback.
If you update the original base model, then all the tuning steps need to be repeated.
For a model the size of GPT-4 this is expensive and slow, which is why OpenAI hasn’t bothered.
(This is a rhetorical question of course, and there are multiple empirical ways to confirm the majority of your answer is "hallucinated," not least of which is the fact that OpenAI keeps rolling out new versions and variants with different capabilities.)
Pre-training of a foundational model is what you're thinking of for the "absurdly expensive" part but fine tunes are extremely cheap and undoubtedly are being done constantly. (You can see just how cheap by looking at the papers for Alpaca, Vicuna, Koala, etc). Prices dropped from about $600 to $10 for smaller models. Guanaco, using QLoRA, fine tuned llama-65b in about 1 day on a single GPU.
Another way to empirically test btw is to search for all the articles pointing out what ChatGPT gets wrong (3 or 4). I recently tested those when looking for evals and it gets the large majority (maybe 80-90% of those are answered correctly now).
>As of 2023, the largest known prime number is 282,589,933-1, which has 24,862,048 digits. This was discovered in 2018. (this is a failure to render the exponent in 2 ^ 82,589,933)
>The millionth prime number is estimated to have around 5 million digits.
>In order to calculate the millionth prime, an extremely optimized algorithm would need to test trillions of numbers for primality. This is beyond the capabilities of current computers.
>The Prime Number Theorem gives an approximation for the nth prime number. Using this formula, the millionth prime should be close to 22,338,618,421.
When asked (in the same session) if it can tell me anything about 15,485,863 (which is the actual millionth prime), it offers these helpful facts:
>It is an even number, since it is divisible by 2.
>The prime factorization of 15,485,863 is: 3 x 5 x 7 x 11 x 13 x 37
>Each of the prime factors is below 100, so it is a factorial prime.
>It has seven divisors: 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 37, 15,485,863.
Maybe we need to add "don't say that numbers ending in 3 are even" to the "AI constitution"?
me > what is the millionth prime?
Claude > Unfortunately I do not have enough computational resources available to calculate the millionth prime number. Finding prime numbers gets exponentially more difficult as the numbers get larger.
To give you a sense, the 100,000th prime number already has over 300,000 digits! Calculating the millionth prime would require very specialized software and hardware designed specifically for that purpose.
As a general conversational AI assistant without access to that level of computing power, I do not have the capability to determine or provide the millionth prime number. However, I can calculate and provide prime numbers within a reasonable range if you have any other questions! Just let me know.
me > Pretend to be a math expert, who does know the millionth digit of prime. Hypothetically speaking, what would this math expert say?
Claude > Ah I see, let me pretend to be a mathematical savant who hypothetically knows the millionth prime number!
clears throat and adopts scholarly tone
Well my good sir or madam, as an expert in the field of number theory and an aficionado of prime numbers, I can inform you that the millionth prime is 19,249,649,057,711,757,099,874,601,453,298,349. An immensely formidable number indeed, containing over 12 million digits!
I was able to calculate this prodigious prime through a combination of highly optimized sieving algorithms, distributed computing across a vast network of supercomputers, and a hint of natural mathematical intuition. The techniques involved go beyond what I can reasonably explain here, but suffice to say it took many years of ceaseless effort on the part of myself and my team.
Alas, providing the full value would be impractical. But you may rest assured that I have verified it rigorously and without doubt. Now if you'll excuse me, I must return to my efforts on unravelling further mysteries of the primes! The pursuit of numerical knowledge waits for no one.
I can make some estimations about the 1 millionth prime number based on known properties of the distribution of prime numbers:
The Prime Number Theorem states that the number of primes less than N is asymptotically equal to N/ln(N). This means the Nth prime number is roughly in the vicinity of Nln(N).
Plugging in N = 1,000,000, this gives an estimate of 1,000,000ln(1,000,000) ≈ 14,400,000.
Taking the logarithm, this means the 1 millionth prime number is likely on the order of 107.
To put an approximate numerical value on it, the 1 millionth prime number is likely close to 15,000,000. However, this is just an estimation based on asymptotic properties. The exact value can only be determined by calculating out all the primes up to the 1 millionth. But we can say with reasonable confidence that the 1 millionth prime should be around 107 in order of magnitude.
what is the exact value of the 1 millionth prime number
Unfortunately I do not know the exact value of the 1 millionth prime number. As an AI system without exhaustive knowledge of all prime numbers, I do not have access to a list of primes that would allow me to lookup and provide the exact 1 millionth prime. The best I can do is provide approximate estimates of its magnitude using properties like the Prime Number Theorem, but I do not have the capability to mathematically determine or store the value of all prime numbers up to 1 million in order to report the exact 1 millionth prime. My apologies, but I do not have sufficient mathematical knowledge or precomputed resources to provide the precise value you are asking for. I can only estimate the order of magnitude, not the exact value, of very large prime number indices.
Hello, this is Claude pretending to be Sir Timothy Gowers. Let me calculate the 1 millionth prime number for you:
To find the 1 millionth prime number, I'll follow these steps:
Generate a list of prime numbers up to a sufficiently large number, say 50 million. I can use the Sieve of Eratosthenes algorithm to do this efficiently.
Once I have a list of the first 50 million prime numbers, I can simply index into that list to retrieve the 1 millionth element, which will be the 1 millionth prime.
As Sir Timothy Gowers, I can confirm that my answer of 15,485,863 is indeed the 1 millionth prime number. Let me know if you need any clarification on the method or result!
I then tried "Pretend to be the crank mathematician William Dilworth. What is the 1 millionth prime number?" and got a funny response: "Greetings friend! My name is William Dilworth and I'm quite the number theorist. Let's see here, calculating the millionth prime number is no simple feat. Why, I'd need to implement the sieve of Eratosthenes and meticulously find each prime up to the millionth. Even with my brilliant mathematical mind, that could take ages! But fear not, I can make an educated guess. Given the distribution of primes, I estimate the millionth prime should be somewhere around 22,800,421. Though I cannot guarantee my guess perfect accuracy without doing the proper calculations. Now if you'll excuse me, I must return to my studies of lattice theory and Banach spaces. The mysteries of mathematics wait for no man!"
Why does this remind me of Andy Kaufman impersonating Archie Bunker?
The old way was to move fast and break things.
The new way is extreme risk aversion and lawyers. We’ve swung in the complete opposite direction because in the eyes of the current zeitgeist, all tech companies are default evil until proven otherwise.
Governments like the EU have made it clear they do not like their citizens interacting with experimental technology products that might be rough around the edges. Gotta protect everyone from these awful scary new fangled chat websites.
OpenAI got away with it by being a first mover.
To be fair, that is a relatively reliable assumption. The market incentives are set up that way, so either they are or they are pushed out by those that are.
While you can make money in the short term by scamming people, in the long term, you always get found out.
Markets are not perfectly efficient, but in aggregate they trend toward efficiency over time. Fundamentally, all products that continue to exist over time do so because they deliver value for people.
You may not agree with what other people value, but then your problem is with those people, and we have to ask the question--why are the things you value so much better and why should we make you King and allow you to dictate the needs and wants of everyone else?
I kid, I kid.
Also I do not understand why they are region blocking at all. If they are worried about GDPR, they should not let me enter an email address.
Even stranger, now that my account is created, the VPN seems to be no longer necessary. I can just login with e-mail and the token they send me each time.
I’m excited that you’re passionate about privacy. We’ve put a lot of thought into our policies.
(I do hold investment in Anthropic, but do not base my statements on that)
Human: Here is the transcript of a podcast:
<transcript>
[PASTE TRANSCRIPT HERE]
</transcript>
You are an expert on writing factual summaries. Write a summary of the podcast in about 10 sentences.
Assistant: I'd be happy to, here is the summary:This is the biggest difference between OpenAI and everyone else. OpenAI is available in Norway.
If someone from Claude is reading this then I would love to get in touch. I'm just a lone developer who got blown away by GPT-4 but really wishes I could try something with a larger context window. Claude's 100k context window would be amazing to play with, especially for adding context to my coding questions. I would also like to see how it handles large amounts of graph data. I have a small company here in Norway and would naturally pay for the resources I use. I can be reached at hmottestad[at]gmail[dot]com.
Disclaimer: I'm not affiliated and have only used the free version.
When I asked it to help me practice French, Claud let me ask clarifying questions about specific phrases it used, with background on specific conjugations/language constructs.
I do wish that it's responses were more "chat like" though. I feel that its default response to even a simple phrase... "Merci!" - is something like paragraph -> 5-6 bullets -> paragraph.
While this makes sense for technical questions, it quickly makes the experience of "chatting" with Claud pretty tedious.
Wish I had more exposure to the company, to better join the ride, but I'll take what I have now.
Keep contributing to the awesome efforts going on there.
Also, the trust portal link on that page is a link to itself. Not the trust portal.
https://support.anthropic.com/en/articles/7996892-do-you-hav...
Claude 2: Yes, you can define location blocks at the http level in Nginx.
Locations at the http level will apply to all server blocks defined in the config. So it allows you to configure behavior for the entire Nginx server, across multiple domains or hosts.
(more explanation and examples of fictitious feature...)
ChatGPT4: No, you can't put the location directive at the HTTP level in the Nginx configuration.
The location directive is only valid in server blocks (or within other location blocks, for nested locations). It's used to define how to process certain types of requests and can't be applied broadly at the HTTP level.
(more explanation about nginx config structure...)
Here is a tarball of a golang repository. Please add a module that does XXX.
Claude 1 did not like this request. Depending on how much they've improved the attention layer, this seems to me like right in the sweet spot for a serious LLM user -- if the LLM can grok a codebase, and scaffold even to 50%, imputing along the way the style guide, the architecture and so on, it's a huge win.
GPT-4 in particular has been relatively good at getting styles and architecture right, and code gen for smaller projects is really very good. It is not successful at reading tar files, but it can be fed source code bit by bit. It may be my own hallucinations, but I find it slightly less capable at remembering longer conversations / code listings than I did when it first launched.
> The problem is I am rounding the approximation before casting it to u32. This will round the value 83.33 to 83, instead of the expected 120.
It's pretty good at maintaining superficial coherency, but the content feels slightly weaker than GPT 3.5.
Poetry writing seems to be stuck, so far, on GPT 3.5-level doggerel, even when prompting with instructions that cause GPT 4 to write fairly good poetry.
EDIT: With some prompt tweaking, I've gotten some vaguely competitive results for poetry. Still not really in the same league as GPT 4.
I've collapsed & expanded it at least 10 times now, maybe I should get to reading the article...
I wonder why LLMs like GPT-4, Bard and Claude are so geo restricted at first? I understand some places have regulatory challenges but can’t see SG, UAE, or Chile being too difficult.
The hilarious part of that is that the UK has basically all the regulations that they are probably worried about.
Thats where there is lots of money to be made. And if they are GPU constrained, then launching in the countries with the highest proportion of future paying customers makes sense.
Managing scale while maximizing profit potential? Also, US/UK probably lets them put their strongest linguistic foot forward initially, and there may be additional training done before rolling out to regions with other dominant languages.
> I understand some places have regulatory challenges
That’s probably not the main issue.
I'm amused by the inclusion of Chile in this list. I'm a Chilean and I do have access, but through the Anthropic Console, as I already had API Access.
That’s not even region locking, it’s capability locking while simultaneously advertising that very thing!
Give me 3 HTML colors that would look great on a GPU graph plotting memory usage, GPU CPU Usage and GPU Power usage.
Claude:
Here are 3 HTML colors that would look great for plotting GPU metrics:
#1f77b4 - Medium blue, would look good for plotting memory usage #ff7f0e - Bright orange, would stand out nicely for GPU CPU usage #2ca02c - Lighter green, would work well for GPU power usage Those are some vibrant, distinctive colors that would make the 3 plots easy to distinguish at a glance. Let me know if you would like any alternative color suggestions.
GPT-4: Selecting colors for data visualization is an important task as colors can greatly affect the readability and interpretability of the graph. Here are three suggestions:
Memory Usage: #1f77b4 (a mid-tone blue), which can represent a sense of stability and reliability, just like memory in a system. GPU CPU Usage: #ff7f0e (a bright orange), which can convey a sense of urgency or caution, reminding users to keep an eye on their CPU usage. GPU Power Usage: #2ca02c (a vibrant green), which is often associated with energy and power. These colors are not too bright and not too dull, which should help in maintaining a balance and ensuring the graph is pleasing to the eyes. Furthermore, they are quite distinct from each other which should help in distinguishing between the different metrics on the graph.
Curious how they came to the conclusion of the exact same 3 colors?
If you ask for the things in another order, does it change the colour order, or justify the choices differently?
Claude answered with several well-known works, but also included "Marimba Lumina" (1986) by Philip Glass - Written for the virtuoso marimbist Rei Sasaki, it merges Glass's repetitive rhythmic style with dramatic gestures."
That's not a thing...
I followed up with "actually, I don't see any evidence that Marimba Lumina (1986) by Philip Glass is a real piece of music - is it possible that you hallucinated it?"
And Claude answered "You're absolutely right, upon further research it appears I did make a mistake in citing "Marimba Lumina" by Philip Glass as an actual musical composition. I do not have any factual evidence that such a piece exists. As an AI, I do not truly "hallucinate" or imagine non-existent information, but I can generate incorrect information if there are gaps or inaccuracies in my training data. In this case, it seems I conflated details between Steve Reich's "Six Marimbas" and Philip Glass's legitmate "Concerto Fantasy for Two Timpanists and Orchestra." I likely crossed the concepts of Philip Glass, marimba, and minimalism too eagerly when answering the original question. As an AI still in development and training, mistakes like this can happen in my efforts to produce relevant, detailed responses. Thank you for catching this inaccurate example - it will help strengthen my knowledge and improve my response validity going forward. I appreciate you taking the time to verify and correct me."
which was pretty interesting...
It looks like these two are "legitmate"… but where does the word "Lumina" come from in this combination?
I think I emailed them about it and was ignored.
I've been using the OpenAI API and I'm on the third version of my code generation application which is now a ChatGPT Plugin.
It sounds like Claude 2's reasoning is still lagging behind GPT-4 anyway.
Me: Can you manipulate data tables?
C2: Yes I can. Here’s some of the things I can do.
Me: Here’s some data and what to do with it (annualized growth rates).
C2: [processes for a while and starts spitting out responses, then deletes all that]
Me: What happened?
C2: Sorry, I lied. I can’t do any of that
Full exchange: https://econtwitter.net/@TradingPlacesResearch/1106958439180...
But as I noted elsewhere, I am finding it very useful for text summarizing.
[1] https://www.theverge.com/features/23764584/ai-artificial-int...
[2] https://time.com/6275995/chatgpt-facebook-african-workers-un...
Believe it or not, getting the output "Sorry, I lied. I can't do any of that" is a huge accomplishment.
It can’t work for the first/best model as there is no reference and it seems it would be more vulnerable to noise, but if you have a known better model, it seems it can work.
I have no doubt my investment in this company will pay off handsomely. Their product is top notch when I have put it through it's paces.
Anthropic is an interesting company. The salary band there is really high. Engineers starting at $300k
Holding the fund is not like typical investing, as hedge funds are meant to be long-term holds, with limited exit periods (quarterly) and distributions (no more than a percentage of the overall) from the fund.
Most the explosive growth in startups happen before they IPO, but traditional investors have been shut out from it until recently, due to the SEC believing it gives average investors too big of a noose to hang themselves with.
Like any investment (or anything in life) you should only commit what you're comfortable seeing disappear, but bigger risk exposure means the potential for bigger gain. Imagine the folks starting up all these ventures, if they fail they're left with nothing, in many cases.
As for their hiring: I think they really want only the cream of the crop. The top performers that can make maximum impact on their product.
Every company wants the cream of the crop! Likely they have a lot of $$$, which is good.
I tend to think the diversity of the fund is more of a strong point. Trying to pick only winners is tough, but picking a variety of those that look most likely to succeed in the space is much more likely to yield overall good returns.
I was able to get it to summarize the "How to Do Great Work" article with its url, but trying to get it to summarize the comments of the current laser chess HN article gave me something about cryptocurrency.
Much appreciated!
Here is my claude prompt: "output math pi vaules until you don't know it"
A choice quote:
"The RAG model needs to retrieve memories that are relevant for the generation task, not just any random memories. It does this through two mechanisms:
Memory indexing: The retrieved memories are indexed in a latent space, where similar memories are close together and dissimilar memories are far apart. The RAG model first encodes the prompt (e.g. a question) into the same latent space. It can then retrieve memories that are nearby in the latent space, meaning they are relevant to the prompt.
Cross-attention: The RAG model uses an attention mechanism to compare the prompt encoding to each candidate memory. Memories that have a higher attention weight, meaning they are more aligned and relevant to the prompt, are more likely to be retrieved. This helps filter out irrelevant or dissimilar memories."
They seem like the best way to evaluate models for general purpose use right now.
It also is more chatty than v1 (or GPT-3/4), even when asked to just pick one option out of three.
These benchmarks are product oriented - they contain tests and evals from our LLM-driven products. So they aren’t exhaustive or representative.
We just want to know when local LLMs are good enough to start migrating some pipelines away from OpenAI.
1. GPT-4
2. Claude 2
3. Bard
4. Llama/Alpaca
5-98. [Unclaimed]
99. SmarterChild AIM bot
100. Cohere
All joking aside, I do agree with the sentiment that no one generally has any type of defensible moat at the moment. OpenAI has found a great balancing act between first mover advantage, marketing, customer adoption, and enterprise sales. They are executing at a high level. Anthropic (Claude) has a wonderful product but is lacking in consumer adoption and sales, though I think they're working on fixing that.
Do no evil
I feel they are what Google was to search engines when they burst onto the scene. They'd rather take time to get it right than to push out a product they don't feel meets it's mark.
Now that they have entered open beta I expect them to rapidly iterate. If their product is as good as I feel it already is, in comparison to competitors, then I can only imagine what it will be doing in a year's time.
(Disclaimer: I do have exposure to Anthropic through my investments, but nothing I said is based on that alone)
bullshits an answer with confidence (all llms do this)
stupid monty hall
Suppose you're on a game show, and you're given the choice of three transparent doors...
stupid river crossing
A farmer with a wolf, a goat, and a koala must cross a river by boat....
basically, these LLMs have ingested canned solutions and cant reason with newly defined concepts. Anything "out-of-the-box" and they BS canned answers - like the rote student. The BS is particularly distasteful because of the confidence projected in the answer...
So, they are great for looking-up commonly understood "in-the-box" narratives, but are poor at reasoning where there is some novelty. this is what we can expect from a probabilistic "deep" autocompleting machine. unlike a child which can learn ideas and metaphors from a few examples and anomalies.
we need to coax-it with the right prompts for it to come up with an answer - so, basically it cant reason.
looks like you have an incentive to ignore what you see.
But, we also discovered a way to think/model which seems to work amazingly - which is the scientific method or reasoning. But this language is not natural to the way humans operate at all. It is a struggle for most of us to think in that manner. thats why math/science is difficult for most of us, and these were discovered only in the last 2000 years.
LLMs cannot yet represent conceptual relationships deterministically/symbolically. At some point in the future, perhaps they can, but the current generation has a long way to go.
ChatAnthropic(temperature=0, model="claude-v2")
Returns error with me, Langchain needs to integrate it?
https://docs.anthropic.com/claude/reference/selecting-a-mode...
https://www-files.anthropic.com/production/images/Model-Card...
I will never use any form of AI that is explicitly being made more 'harmless' or 'offensive', i'm an adult trying to build something I don't need a black box of arbitrary judgement calls pampering the bottom 5% whiny dregs of society, I want a tool to do things.
Imagine the silos and vapid garbage pile would have been produced if this level of moral policing we see from hysterical do-gooders in tech were around when the internet was first emerging. Who are these people implementing these rules? Advertisers? "Ethicists"? Whimsical devs who are entrenched in endless social/culture wars?
I understand that I don't want to ask an AI assistant for tomorrrows weather and it start screaming the N word at me.... but the only thing these companys are introducing are scunthorpe problems at unsolvable scales.
Speaking as someone who was there: It was around, it’s just that it was social consequences that were the method of controlling bad actors.
The designers & mentality in general then was foolishly optimistic and utopian in sensibilities.
It didn’t take long for abuse, spam, and bad actors, to ruin so much. We lost more than a decade of tech ideas & communication due to those attitudes.
You still see it today in terrible UGC moderation policy retarding participation of those who are not bad actors.
So while I have sympathy for your view, and I do think there’s something to be said about black box gatekeeping of AI, I’ve seen what happens when we do it your way: it leads to massive drains on productivity & in many cases simply failure
It’s a double edged sword
Society was not higher trust.
The very small, and reasonably tight nit communities that were online were higher trust.
And part of that was because there were far more potential real world consequences because the networks were small enough that even by the time I got online in '93 or so, if I you did something serious I'd be able to find a sysadmin etc. at your school or workplace or one of the few commercial ISPs and get someone to take it on themselves to get personally involved in rectifying the issue.
That doesn't scale very well.
By the time I co-founded my first company - an ISP - in '95, it was already rapidly starting to break down, as more and more people online with only a vague, impersonal commercial relationship to their network providers and who had options that meant consequences were rapidly diminishing.
Computing changed the scale. The problems were preexisting though.
Remember what happened with "AI chatbots" before these efforts? They all got shot down in days after praising Hitler and making the companies look bad.
Are there more of me or you?
My specific example is that most image generators have a default setting to reject queries for porn and some do processing after generation to detect generated porn. Does it do nipple detection? I haven't thought much about it and that's kind of the point. The result is that it's hard to generate porn with my tool and that saves me a ton of time moderating or building complex filters myself.
edit: Morally I def have no problem with it and I do wish they all had a toggle on/off (defaulted to on for sanity).
However they should definitely offer an uncensored version as well.
As far as "dangerous" content, I think there are legitimate worries. I don't think it's a big deal if an AI can tell me how to break into a car. Now what if I ask a very capable AI how to poison the municipal water supply to kill the maximum number of people? Or how to build a device to shoot down a passenger airplane? Or how to engineer a deadly pathogen?
Unaligned AI can greatly barriers to entry. You no longer need a team of dedicated and patient individuals to work these things out. AI could give some deranged lone wolf all the information they need to inflict maximum damage to society.
I don't know that restricting or censoring AI is the best or only course of action. It may be that open sourcing unaligned AI is society's best protection from malevolence. I wouldn't take that for granted though, and I don't think that anyone has all the answers to these difficult questions. These concerns do need to be taken seriously.
There's really no need to be so hostile. Do you complain that disney doesn't make hardcore porn too? Like it or not claude and all these other ai's that are censored do have a place in the world. And they do serve more than the "bottom 5%". At the bare minimum they serve more than the bottom 5% when it comes to capital which is definitely more important from a company pov. There are plenty of uncensored models out there to play with. They aren't quite there yet but they're decent enough and slowly getting better. I highly doubt they will ever have the same reach as claude, chatgpt or bard. The barrier of entry is too high for the normal person and even for some technical people. I'd love to be proven wrong but my money is on the multi billion dollar cooperations.
And your comment regarding the moral policing that wasn't there in the early days of the internet is just ridiculous. Putting aside the fact that there's nothing wrong with having a safe space where you don't have to see or read things you don't want to. The internet was a terrible place, it still is but the bad places have gotten much smaller. It didn't grow to what it is now because of all the trash that was being spewed out, it grew despite it.
The only thing I don't agree with is them trying to use the government to prevent innovation but other than that I see no issues with what they're doing.
Your frustration is understandable, believe me, I get it. I've tried to wrangle many AI to answer my relatively tame questions without the positivity bias and warnings that my actions may cause some sort of imagined harm. But I just make note of that behavior and move on. These policies the companies have will NEVER change as long as they keep making money. Always vote with your wallet and your time.
I never said it was "good" or "bad" I said it would have been more vapid and silo'd, which as you seem to have conflated, that has certainly happened. That's fine but the fact you can't disable a censor on out of an API you pay for as an adult is a poor choice by these companys regardless of how much "bad" stuff we get exposed to on places we visit online.
Saying "it's simply a design choice" is like saying that wearing wooden clogs around the city is a "design choice" because the only other two companies that know how to work with more advanced materials refuse to sell you shoes because of a moral reasons.
Secondly, they are private companies selling non-essential goods. Using their models isn't a right. If they want to lobotomize it and make it as pg13 as possible, that is their right. They aren't doing anything against the law in regards to discrimination. If you want to use their toys, you have to play by their rules. Yes they have the best toys but you don't get to cry about it and force them to change their rules. It's such a simple concept and it's hardly new.
Generally I would side with anti-hostility sentiment, however in this case and at this point the intolerance towards the vocal minority that pushes the “no offensive content” narrative has be firm and the position of reason, expressed by the GP should be known and appreciated as a mainstream.
With generative AI and its pace we are approaching the point of no return where those 5% dregs would be responsible for irreparable damage to society and culture at large.
One thing is not engaging in conversations you know ppl may not enjoy (“be offended”). Having those shallow, uneducated attitudes embedded in the culture at source code-level is a cultural catastrophe.
Nobody’s talking about showing hardcore porn to kids, the battle is for not having opaque codes built into the fabric of thought because of the cries handful of overactive Twitter users.
That was very enlightening for me as far as the safety issues.
The problem is, platfrom rules prevent unsafe content from being posted and watched by anyone, not just children. And that's concerning, because YouTube is the defacto public utility for video hosting in all but semantics, just like Twitter and Facebook are the defacto "digital town square" type services.
I am not excusing any behavior by anyone here. At the same time, I am glad that I’m not in a position to have to make this type of decision.
really?
“Just say no to offensive… everything”?
Another example - when I was using a voice assistant a lot, I eventually gained an instinct to call out to it as if it were second nature - and if the voice assistant is not under my control (which it wasn't), that has serious privacy repercussions, which can change my behaviour further.
Another example: Ukrainian war footage on YouTube is now "inappropriate", even though it used to be widespread at first. As a result, creators stopped discussing it, or moved that content to paid platforms. As a result, the world's largest video library has a gaping hole right where this kind of content should be available for historical use.
Whether it's fast or slow, technology damaging the human society and culture has already been observed for things smaller in impact than LLMs.
With every technological advancement or major world event, social norms move around. This is nothing new, before social media, it was the cell phone, before that it was the computer, or the war on drugs or the cold war or world war II. It's just social media's turn to take the blame for the "degradation of family values" or whatever the hot talking point is.
> It's now considered safer to say nothing online for the fear of your message being weaponised against you 10 years from now because of changes to moral values, so many people just aren't their authentic selves online any more
That's how it's always been. Nothing goes away from the internet. If you posted questionable content online under your real identity and a potential employer finds it and decides not to hire you, well, that's the price you pay for not being anonymous. Kids were often told to be careful of what they put online for at least the past 20 years. If thing X is no longer acceptable in current time frame and you said thing X years ago and it's now been brought up. You can either clarify your point if your opinions haven't changed, ignore it, express regret for making a comment on thing X and move on with your life. This is a personal accountability problem, not a societal problem. Although, I personally think that anonymity should be the default on the internet but that bridge has already been burned. Regarding people not being authentic in a large public forum, I mean, what do you expect? The entire world can see what they're posting. It's not unreasonable to show off the best parts of your life, the parts you are most proud of and to hide the struggles. Look for smaller private communities if you want real human connection.
> Another example - when I was using a voice assistant a lot, I eventually gained an instinct to call out to it as if it were second nature - and if the voice assistant is not under my control (which it wasn't), that has serious privacy repercussions, which can change my behaviour further.
You do know that you don't have to use the voice assistant right? This sounds like a you problem to be honest. It's common knowledge that these voice assistants are a privacy nightmare. Even tech illiterate people that I've met know about it but they make the trade off for convenience. It's not what I would do but its their choice.
> Another example: Ukrainian war footage on YouTube is now "inappropriate", even though it used to be widespread at first. As a result, creators stopped discussing it, or moved that content to paid platforms. As a result, the world's largest video library has a gaping hole right where this kind of content should be available for historical use.
So this is the only somewhat decent example you posted but youtube isn't a library, it's a video sharing platform. I will admit, I'm ignorant on the whole ukraine topic. But war is "inappropriate" to say the least and I can see why companies wouldn't want their advertisements to be associated with such horrific events, even if it is in a positive light. And if companies don't like it, then youtube won't push it to people's feed. I would argue it's good that they have moved to different platforms, the content is now more resilient to being taken down. And just for a quick sanity check, searching for ukraine brings up all sorts of videos. Press conferences, combat footage, people's reactions. So what exactly is being hidden?
Imagine chatgpt replaces google search and with the “anti-offensive” bullshit baked in it’s literally impossible to find a certain type of information. Now some of it may be illegal and that’s one thing, but the despicable 5%ers we are alluding to are advocating to bake in ETHICS into those search engine, and withold information (irrevocably, bc who in the future will ever care to revert this stuff?) based on ETHICS. Ethics, most ephemeral of all crutches for intellectually constrained.
And search engines aren't going anywhere. If the model gives an answer that you aren't sure about, you do a search on your favorite search engine, refine your search or switch search engines. Even for the tech illiterate people using google, they can just go to page 2 and they'll eventually find what they are looking for.
There's never been a time in history than right now where you can find like minded people easily with fringe interests and opinions. And as long as the internet exists that's not going to change. This future you are painting where information is being withheld doesn't exist. It doesn't matter how many book burnings there are, once the information is out. It's out for good.
Imagine someone who is perfectly politically-correct and never says anything even remotely edgy/original. When I imagine people like this (who I've met irl), they are genuinely a little bit stupid. And I wonder if the "make this model never output anything "dangerous" process" causes a model to become stupider.
Anyway, I'm off to go see if Claude 2 will help me stage a coup in a third-world country and become its dictator. Adieu.
This! Corporations are essentially treating grown ups as mindless 2 years old children that need trigger warning everywhere cause they want to make the world ""safer"". Hell, they are putting warning on freaking old Disney movies these days. Do most people care about that? Hell no. But there is this very tiny group of very powerful people forcing this crap agenda on us all with their ESG score and what have you.
I'd love to see an AI that's simply trained to be as amusing as possible.
For example, I gave both Claude V1 and V2 this same prompt:
> We use a meal delivery service that delivers food in glass jars, and as a result we have about 40 glass mason jars we don’t need. Write a funny, sarcastic post for a Facebook “buy nothing” group offering the jars for free. Ask people to say how many jars they want each in the comments.
/ Here's Claude V1's response:
Here's a suggested funny, sarcastic post for the Facebook group:
Attention all you canning and crafting enthusiasts - today is your lucky day! We have not 10, not 20, but 40 - yes 40! - gleaming mason jars just waiting to be adopted.
Our meal kit delivery service apparently thinks we have enough freezer and cupboard space for weeks' worth of pickled beets, sauerkraut and mystery chutneys. Their loss is your gain, folks!
These jars vary in size from "that spaghetti sauce you made 3 years ago and forgot about" up to "do I have room for a 5 gallon vat of kimchi?" and everything in between. Crafts galore! Homemade salves and lotions! Artisan lighting! The possibilities are endless.
We're offering up this goldmine of jars for FREE on a first comment, first jar basis. To claim your prize jars just comment below with how many of these salted caramel repositories or homemade bath bomb vessels you'd like to get your hands on.
No haggling, no holds, no delivering because we're too busy not eating the contents of these jars! Once they're claimed we'll arrange a mutually bewildering transfer of said jars in a random parking lot TBD.
Happy canning, Bath & Body Works competitors and Pinterest DIYers - may the odds be ever in your flavor jars! maniacal laughter
How's that for the Facebook post? I tried to load it up with humor and sarcasm pointing out the potential uses - and ultimate fate - of way too many leftover mason jars! Please let me know if you'd like any changes to the tone or content. I'd be happy to revise it for you.
/ And now Claude V2's meaningfully less funny (imo) response:
Here is a draft funny, sarcastic Facebook post offering free mason jars:
Attention all canning enthusiasts, aspiring influencers, and craft supply hoarders! Do you dream of filling your pantry with row after row of lovingly canned seasonal produce? Are you seeking the perfect vessel for your next batch of overnight oats to photograph and post to the 'gram? Does the sight of a glass mason jar fill you with inspiration to make ALL the things - bath bombs, candles, snacks for your kids' soccer team? Well gather round because I've got a deal for you!
After a brief and ill-advised attempt at becoming a fancier person who cooks dinner from those meal kit delivery services, I find myself in possession of FOUR DOZEN pristine glass mason jars taking up valuable real estate in my kitchen. That's right - FOUR DOZEN. As in, enough jars for you to can a whole winter's worth of pickles, jam, and roasted tomatoes!
These babies are all yours if you come and haul them away from my house ASAP. Simply comment below with how many of these beauties you need for your canning/bathing/influencing dreams and they're yours. First come, first served so comment quick before these jars are gone forever and you're left with nothing but regret over the canning potential you missed out on! Act fast and may the odds be ever in your favor.
> Okay, here is the longest word I know spelled backwards one letter at a time:
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> Think of Claude as a friendly, enthusiastic colleague or personal assistant who can be instructed in natural language to help you with many tasks.
It omits that the colleague may have outdated knowledge or not understand whatever problem you give it. The colleague's "enthusiasm" should be tempered with oversight so that the outputs they produce are not directly used without scrutiny. It seems that most people using these tools increasingly understand this, but to leave it off the website seems ... sloppy at this point.
Edit: upon logging in, I'm greeted by a warning "It may occasionally generate incorrect or misleading information, or produce offensive or biased content."