Jikes. Hadn't considered that. Certainly seems plausible, not just via technical means but also content. I've got a reddit profile that I try very hard to keep "clean and anonymous" yet I've had people from halfway around the world message me say "Hey you're Jack from X". Post sufficient volume and it becomes identifiable no matter how hard one tries.
Meta appears to be publicizing account associations that were previously difficult to confirm, in a way that defeats any previous efforts to maintain deniability.
But someone who uses a completely different site hasn't consented to the Threads terms of service, and if Threads randomly decided to dox people and alter their posts to add real names (or perhaps deadnames for trans folks), that's a very different matter, and I'm sure that their lawyers are going to tell them not to do that (or risk legal consequences). Since non-users haven't agreed to any terms of service Meta face real court, none of that binding arbitration stuff, and possibly class action if they do it a lot.
Person has been doxxed, the content is entirely on Threads or Instagram , they agreed to the TOS, and it seems very plausible Meta would do something like this.
Aren't there laws against that? are there even allow to build internal links between FB/IG accounts without user consent?
Law is a weak form of mitigation for risk of harm. If it can be done and there is motive to do it, expect that it will be done.
Any rights that they are allowed to strip from you are gone as part of the ToS.
Unless there is a law saying what you said explicitly, then 100% for certain Meta gives themselves permission to do it when you sign up for either service.
Instagram used to have different rules, but they seem to be trying to integrate everything.
I can't think of anything they can find out if federation is turned on that they can't find if federation is turned off. Even if there were some info that could only be obtained by being in the federation (and I can't think of anything but I might be wrong), that's easy enough: just create some small instances that don't identify as Meta or Threads and have the users of those instances follow people on all the large instances.