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Article IV, Section 4: The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government… -The US Constitution

The irony is James Madison, the Father of the Constitution, remakes on people confusing Republics with Democracies and it is just as true in our time as his…

I remark here only that it seems to owe its rise and prevalence chiefly to the confounding of a republic with a democracy… - Federalist Paper No. 14

Please correct me if I’m wrong but the word democracy does not appear once in the US Constitution, which would be a pretty big omission for the document that establishes the US form of Government and otherwise consistent with the Founding Father’s advocating for a Republic and against a Democracy and never once using the term Representative Democracy throughout the Federalist Papers.

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Isn't it a matter of words changing meaning over time? Could it be that what James Madison called "democracy" corresponds to "direct democracy" in modern understanding and "republic" corresponds to "representative (indirect) democracy" in modern parlance?

If not, then what are the differences between republic described by Madison and representative democracy?

There is a difference between words changing over time (example: awful historically meaning full of awe and the modern usage meaning very bad) and changing a form of Government of the US that is codified in the US Constitution.

>If not, then what are the differences between republic described by Madison and representative democracy?

To try to answer your question, if we used “Representative Democracy” then the US and UK would both have the same form of government, a Representative Democracy, which in my opinion highlights why proper use of the terms is necessary.

The US is a Constitution Republic and the UK is a Constitution Monarch, at least according to the legal documents that establish their respective Governments.

Whether a Constitutional Republic or Constitutional Monarch, neither is a Democracy. Sure both having elections and voting of at least some kind, but the UK is not a Republic despite having a House of Commons with elected Members of Parliament.

Let’s turn this question around…in your opinion what is the difference between a Republic and a Democracy? If any Republic that holds elections of representatives do you simply classify both the UK and US Representative Democracies?

>in your opinion what is the difference between a Republic and a Democracy?

To keep things simple: democracy -> majority rule

republic -> majority rule + no inheritance of public offices (so no monarch)

Of course it can get more complicated than that - democracies can differ in terms of who can and cannot vote, freedom of press, how exactly the separation of powers is handled (or if the powers are separated at all), what method is used to distribute seats in the parliament, how much power is held by the president and how much is held by the prime minister etc.

By that definition US and UK are both (representative) democracies but of these two only the US is a republic and UK is a parliamentary ("constitutional" sounds pretty weird in this context given that there is no codified constitution) monarchy (while still being a democracy).

>To keep things simple: democracy -> majority rule

>By that definition US and UK are both (representative) democracies

I do not agree that majority rule is by itself the definition of democracy, but assuming arguendo for sake of keeping things simple, what in the US is majority rule? The US Constitution certainly doesn’t expressly establish majority rule, although it clearly establishes the US form of government is a Republic. The Constitution establishes 3 branches of Government. Executive, the President, is not elected by majority rule. Legislators, Representatives & Senators are not elected by majority rule. Judiciary, the Supreme Court Justices are not elected at all. Laws themselves are not majority rule rather a system of checks and balances of the 3 branches of Government guaranteed the Constitution.

>("constitutional" sounds pretty weird in this context given that there is no codified constitution) monarchy (while still being a democracy).

The UK does have a Constitution, it’s just not a single document like the US Constitution. It’s not exactly weird that the US Constitution isn’t the sole form of Constitution. In either case you being weird is immaterial to the UK being a Constitutional Monarchy.

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