Minoxidil simply extends the anagen (growth) stage of the hair follicles by strengthening them and improving blood flow to the scalp.
If your head was a bathtub, this would be like turning up the tap.
However, male pattern baldness (androgenic alopecia) is usually caused by the hormone DHT, which is a byproduct of testosterone. DHT can shrink hair follicles causing hair loss, and that’s primarily what you’re fighting against.
You can help prevent testosterone from being converted to DHT by inhibiting the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase. The typical prescription for this is 1.25mg of finasteride, taken orally.
Back to the bathtub analogy, this would be like putting in the plug.
When taken together, this treatment is fairly effective for most people, although side effects can be somewhat common with finasteride (eg low libido) so do more research if you go down this route.