In Norway you can voluntarily register as not wanting to allow credit assessments to be performed on you.
This in turn can help a bit because it results in most attempts at making loans in your name not being possible.
https://www.datatilsynet.no/regelverk-og-verktoy/sporsmal-sv...
There are four companies in Norway that do credit assessments. You have to individually register your desire to not allow credit assessments for your name with all four of these.
https://tfinans.no/blogg/frivillig-kredittsperre
But then, what protects you against someone simply requesting that your credit is unlocked and then taking loans in your name after all? Well, from what I gather one would have to use BankID to confirm that credit is to be unlocked.
So even if someone steals my passport, they will not immediately be able to unlock my credit. They’d have to jump through a bunch of hoops to also steal my BankID.
The "locked" state should be the default, whatever extra checks they need to do to a person that has it "frozen", that should just be the default to start any credit!
If anyone has some dire need for easy credit all the time they can do the opposite and go to some "light checks" state like TSA pre-check.
https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/what-know-about-credit-fre...
I (and millions of other people) learned how to do a credit freeze after having our personal info leaked in the Equifax data breach of 2017:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_Equifax_data_breach
Having that credit freeze saved me from at least two attempted frauds since then - I was notified by two credit card issuers that credit card applications in my name that I had never made were rejected because my credit file was frozen.
I'm dreading trying to recall the PINs I used when the time comes to un-freeze them.
Still glad I did it, though. However burdensome the PIN recovery process will be, I'm sure it's less stress than dealing with fraud.
Brings to mind the tale that jaywalking laws were the creation of early-days automobile manufacturers and dealers who wanted to clear the streets for the vehicles they wanted to sell. [0]
[0] https://www.vox.com/2015/1/15/7551873/jaywalking-history