You can do real-time applications just fine in Julia, just preallocate anything you need and avoid allocations in the hot loop, I am doing real-time stuff in Julia. There are some annoyances with the GC but nothing to stop you from doing real-time. There are robotics packages in Julia and they are old, there is a talk about it and compares it with c++(spoiler, developing in julia was both faster and easier and the results were faster).
I have been using two Julia sessions on an 8gb laptop constantly while developing, no problem. LSP loads fine and fast in vscode no problem there either.
The debugger in vscode is slow and most don't use it. There is a package for that. The big binaries are a problem and the focus is shifting there to solve that. Stacktrace will become much better in 1.10 but still needs better hints(there are plans for 1.11). In general, we need better onboarding documentation for newcomers to make their experience as smooth as possible.