Trivia: notice how it lists Sacramento but nothing closer to the Bay Area. Old Sac was the terminus of the entire railroad as a connection with the Sacramento River waterway https://www.openstreetmap.org/search?query=38.5839%2C%20-121...
Interestingly while I was checking the incorporation dates of Oakland and Brooklyn (now part of Oakland) I saw that 1868 is the year that Central Pacific Railroad settled on Oakland as the West Coast terminus of the first transcontinental railroad and bought the San Francisco & Oakland Railroad (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_and_Oakland_Rail...).
That didn't stop them from independently listing Dayton, Cincinnati, and Columbus Ohio, all with different times (even though Dayton and Cincinnati are only 1 minute apart).
And it makes sense they would list so many Ohio cities if major railroad hubs was the criteria. Ohio was practically the hub of the nation with major railroads running through all the cities you listed plus riverboats. California at this point was comparatively speaking still pretty much a backwater, even post-Gold Rush, and wasn't politically nor industrially significant before at least the first transcontinental railroad. No one in Congress had even worked particularly hard for the California EC votes until the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.
Back in 1868, there were essentially just two rail networks in the US - the eastern half and the western half. They met in Chicago. The operational model was very different, and the presence of Great Lakes shipping (with low summertime shipping rates) kept either side from trying to expand to be truly nationwide.
In essence, a timetable relative to Washington D.C. showed Sacramento just as an example. No railroad went from D.C. to anywhere west of Chicago. Not only did you change trains, you changed railroad companies.