They operate on the principle that without revenue the people doing the actual work of journalism will go out of business.
Do you think the regulators are wrong on that point?
Seems completely different to me.
We already know the answer from other countries where Google was forced to share ad revenue or not index the papers.
Also, news sites have control over how their site shows up on Google. If they want to continue being indexed and show up in the search result with just a title and no snippet of the page, that's something they could make happen immediately just by themselves. That none of them are choosing to do so makes it pretty clear that the "people just read the summaries and don't click through to the article" thing isn't a problem in reality.
> we need to find a balance which pays for good journalism if we want healthy societies
Sure. Why do you think that it's search engines and social networks that should be doing the paying?