If a mask set is 50 million and you only need ten chips, these guys would only need to come in under 5 million per chip to win on cost.
If it’s not finFET then a non production mask set is much less than $50 million in 2023.
Also, keep in mind maskless lithography has been used commercially for roughly ten years now. And it’s been in Universities for significantly longer.
500 VU19P will cost less than 5 million.
Xilinx launches ‘industry’s first’ 20 nanometer space-grade FPGA chip