Browsers with sandboxed multi-process architectures have been around since 2008, precisely because experts realised that rendering engines are so complex they cannot reasonably be secured, so need to be sandboxed for protection.
Unfortunately, I suspect that security experts within Apple were well aware of this, but were overruled because iOS devices tend to not have much RAM, and the user experience would be severely degraded by doing proper process-per-origin isolation, due to RAM exhaustion.