Sorry I’m not sure I understand your question? I wasn’t on the internet before web 2.0, by modals I mean things like custom-styled <dialog> element[1] and the `dialog` ARIA role, which I would say are a more recent pattern than pop-up windows. "Modern" might not be the best term here, I should have just said more "usable" perhaps.
[1]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/di...