I assume this is related to the availability of 230v/15A for the heater element.
My dishwasher has a heating element, but the colder the water is, the more it has to work.
So if it's cheaper to use gas-powered hot water from the boiler than to heat it electrically, why wouldn't you? And it's there in the kitchen right next to the sink which has hot water available anyways, so it's kind of a no-brainer.
Yes, I'm in the US -- you can see on a kind of average dishwasher installation manual [1], it specifically instructs you to connect it to a hot water line.
[1] https://www.whirlpool.com/content/dam/global/documents/20101...
I'm always rinsing off the bigger gunks of food with hot water anyways as I load the dishwasher, so it's hot already.
At the end of the day it doesn't matter that much. The main point is just, if you have hot water available, it's hard to see why you wouldn't take advantage of that.
Two protein related reasons: hot water can denature detergent enzymes making them less effective, and hot water can cause food proteins on the dishes to harden and set.
European manufacturers claim that detergents work better when starting the program with cold water, and recommend doing so. The situation might be different in the US, where using the hot water seems to be the norm.
I got rid of a perfectly fine 35 yo dishwasher that cleaned fine even without soap, due to heat and water use. I got rid of it because it was loud, but I always wondered if running it without soap was perhaps not as eco friendly as a modern washine using less heat and water.
I use either Cascade powder or the Walmart brand equivalent and only put a teaspoon or so of powder in the cup per load and a few dozen granules of powder on the door for the prewash.