Atari saw a lot of unsold inventory returned to them and orders cancelled at the end of 1982 because of overproduction. This is what Nintendo was trying to avoid with their licensing requirement. Retailers were promised that they wouldn't have to overbuy game stock. Nintendo introduced artificial scarcity into the gaming business, something they probably already knew from their card game history. If you limit the supply it creates increased demand which keeps prices high.
I say attempted because as a teenager you could either afford the SNES or the Genesis but rarely both. The Jaguar came out after both the SNES and Genesis and IIRC had superior hardware, but no game support due to things like licensing agreements. It was never a real contender - not from my teenage 12 year old perspective.