For jetbrains it's java and for vscode it's an html rendering engine. An IDE built from vulkan or some other low level graphics API can likely be even faster then vim depending on the console it's running within.
Coincidentally this is actually a problem I faced when writing my alternative shell.
I was just saying that you can make the text editor as lightning fast as you want but the moment you need to do anything useful with an IDE you become dependent on the performance of your plugins.
This is why I’m a little jaded when people talk about IDE performance. Unless that IDE is using its own bespoke plugins, and the trend these days is (thankfully) moving away from that, it’s really not a good benchmark any longer.