X11 isn't a sandbox and that's fine by me. I'm not particularly interested in zero trust computing. I'm not strongly opposed to it, but in general I'm going to choose a lightweight app over a resource hog. However bad X11 is, it runs the software I want to use. That's literally my only motivation for sticking with it. Sorry if you find all this offensive.

> No modern desktop environment is complete without a browser, so since you're stuck with it, why not just use the browser itself as the desktop environment..?

Because I want to use my desktop environment as my desktop environment. I've invested time and energy optimising it for my workflow and I'd like to continue to benefit from using it.

> non-browser desktops aren't as flexible or powerful or extensible as a browser

Again, I don't know what this means. My desktop is literally programmable. As in, I can edit and recompile the source code directly. Please tell me what's more powerful than that.

> they can run across many different platforms,...

I only need my apps to run on one platform

> ...and be easily distributed and efficiently used over the network (unlike Wayland or "modern" X11 apps).

`apt install my-x11-app my-wayland-app` `#include <sys/socket.h>`