Whisper, 100%. It's small, fast and does a really good job with most of the recordings I can feed it. IIRC, there are both English and mixed-language models to choose from as well.
This one https://huggingface.co/openai/whisper-large-v3 ? Do I need (and where from) to use CUDA from some google.colab or 4-core AMD Ryzen 3 4300U CPU on a laptop will handle it for an initial test program?
That one should work. The model itself is extremely fast without any acceleration, in my experience. The AMD CPU should perform just fine. Good luck!