This is the classic response. It's also ridiculous. It's not just a matter of "passing the wrong type", it's a matter of using the type system to express higher-level constraints that make it impossible to introduce bugs in a complex system -- bugs more fancy than "I passed a string when I should have passed an int".
Of course, passing a string when you should have passed an int happens with regularity, too, and claims otherwise are a lie, especially if you don't spend a ridiculous amount of time pretending to be a compiler by writing extensive unit tests that would be totally unnecessary if you had one.
> And I never claimed that LINQ or C# lambdas were derived from Ruby, just that they were Ruby-ish. Clearly someone in Redmond is watching Ruby and Rails.
What? I ... no. I point out a 1965 paper on lambdas and you claim MS R&D is watching Ruby? You're comparing LINQ -- which implements a coherent model of relational algebra and set theory -- to Rails?
Ruby didn't pioneer these things, didn't add anything novel to them, implemented inconsistent models of them, and can't take any credit for them.