This is beyond what file is capable of. It’s also mentioned in the third paragraph.
RTFA.
Some HN readers may not know about file(1) even. It's fine to mention that $subj enhances that, but the rtfa part seems pretty unnecessary.
FWICT file is more capable, predictable and also faster while being more energy-efficient at the same time.
That's not what the performance table in the article is implying, with a precision and recall higher on Magika hovering around 99%, while magic is at 92% prec and 72% recall.
One can doubt the representativity of their dataset, but if what is in the article is correct, Magika is clearly way more capable and predictable
Yes, it's slower than file(1), uses more energy, recognizes fewer file types, and is less accurate.
This group of Linux users used to brag Linux will identify files even if you change the extension, Windoze needs to police you about changing extension, nearly 20 years back.