https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violent_Crime_Control_and_Law_...
We are in a conservative moment in the US right now.
Yes, there are some, at least some of the time, but very few.
To me, the length of sentences in the US suggest that a primary purpose is deterrence, not merely keeping dangerous people off the street.
- Rehabilitation
- Retribution
- Deterrence
I don't think that being in prison from 2011 to 2014 caused them to act that way in 2015.
We're not going to randomly assign (mostly) law-abiding citizens to prison to measure whether prison adds propensity to [what would be re-]offend, but there probably is something that is different about the never-imprisoned vs previously-imprisoned population that informs future likelihood to be imprisoned.
You would be surprised. There's no concrete evidence pointing to this, but some suspects, when asked, will say that they did it because they have nothing left to lose.
> another crime severe enough to end them up back in
Then ramp up the penalty for repeat offences.