While this is certainly possible to hack together using LADSPA [1] plugins it may be easiest to use something like e.g. Easy Effects [2], configure some sound profiles - 'music', 'voice', 'video', '...' - and configure some key combinations to load these on demand using easyeffects -l <preset>. As to how to bind these keys depends on your operating environment, this is how it could look in e.g. Xmonad (which is what I use):

   newKeys conf@(XConfig {XMonad.modMask = modm}) = [
     ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_m), spawn "easyeffects -l music"),
     ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_v), spawn "easyeffects -l video")
      ]

In this (contrived) example you'd press SHIFT-L_ALT-m to enable the 'music' profile, SHIFT-L_ALT-v for the 'video' profile.

You can also make a script which cycles through available plugins and bind that to a key, showing which plugin is activated when the key is pressed. There are many ways which lead to this version of Rome, choose the one you like best.

If you're using Gnome there is an extension which does most of the work:

https://github.com/wwmm/easyeffects/wiki/Preset-Selector-GNO...

(quote) It basicly adds a button to your top panel. Then you can click on it to see your available presets and click one to activate it without opening EasyEffects window. It also adds keyboard shortcuts to cycle through available input and output presets. Those can be set from extensions preferences window. Default keybindings are Ctrl + Super + o for output and Ctrl + Super + i for input presets.

[1] http://www.ladspa.org/

[2] https://github.com/wwmm/easyeffects

VoiceMeeter and it's macro buttons can do that.