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Here is how the paper is defining it for it's purposes:

"demographic diversity (e.g. age, nationality), cognitive diversity (e.g., personality traits, education level) and job-related diversity (e.g., function, tenure), with a focus on the first two dimensions."

it should essentially be what you want as a partner. Not too similar, not too dissimilar.

Diversity in experience, thought, skills make for an excellent team. I think it matters not what political views are but I do think diverse home lives can lead to a balanced work approach (some can pickup pager at 2am or work extra shifts, but everyone is mindful of leaving work at work and having a sustainable pace).