CP/M was released in 1974 while VMS was around 1977.
Not really, no.
It's not that they weren't used. It's that they didn't exist yet.
The first 8-bit microprocessor, the Intel 8008, was 1972. The first chip for which CP/M was developed was the 8080 in 1974. It took a few years for mass availability.
Given that you got your years badly wrong in your first comment, did you not think "hey I should check this" before commenting again?