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Comment by slibhb | Hacker News Reader

> In this particular case, while there does exist a set of alleles against which you can cluster populations in a way that maps roughly to the set of races we define socially, that only represents < 10% of the genetic variation across populations. Basically, that means you need to arbitrarily toss out > 80% of the dimensionality of your data for that clustering to meaningfully map against what we socially construe as "race".

This doesn't make sense to me. Can you provide more information?

I think you're referring to the fact that genetic differences between individuals within a group are larger than differences between groups. But that does not invalidate the differences between groups, or mean that we have to make "arbitrary" decisions to measure those differences.

I don't agree with the rest of your post but don't see the point of going into detail.

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> I think you're referring to the fact that genetic differences between individuals within a group are larger than differences between groups

But that's the rub though: How do you define that there are groups in the first place? There is no way to land at our socially-defined set of races via objective means.

How do we differentiate between yellow and orange? The spectrum of colors is a continuum. Is the difference between yellow and orange not real?

> Is the difference between yellow and orange not real?

"Yellow" and "Orange" are words, not facts about the universe. They correspond (loosely) to physical observations, at least when it comes to perceived colors (there are plenty of optical illusions which reveal the vast gulf between 'the color a thing is' and 'the color we perceive'). So I don't really know what you mean by "real" here, but is it an objective fact? No.

> "Yellow" and "Orange" are words, not facts about the universe.

That's a philosophical position called nominalism. You can be a nominalist but other people disagree.

Right, the difference between what we call "yellow" and "orange" corresponds to objective physical properties. I could reject the way we have decided to group these differences, but the existence of different wavelengths seems to be a fact about the universe.

The different wavelengths is a fact about the universe, but there is nothing about the wavelengths themselves that makes one “yellow” and one “orange”. That’s all added by us culturally.

I think you're begging the question here. If you look at the differences between DNA, there will be clusters (because some people are more closely related than other people). These clusters are the groups I'm talking about.

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