Its a special interest problem. Doctors organize, bribe/lobby politicians, limit licenses, make extra money/get more power, repeat.
The excuse 'there isnt enough surgeries', is a chicken and egg problem. More doctors lower the cost, making surgery more reasonable and not necessarily a last ditch option. Not to mention, we don't stop the number of civil engineers that graduate because 'there arent enough bridges'. You just have more people observing around the table.